Game complete analysis for financial markets stabilization

The aim of this paper is to propose a methodology to stabilize the financial markets using Game Theory and in particular the Complete Study of a Differentiable Game, introduced in the literature by David Carfì. Specifically, we will focus on two economic operators: a real economic subject and a financial institute (a bank, for example) with a big economic availability. For this purpose we will discuss about an interaction between the two above economic subjects: the Enterprise, our first player, and the Financial Institute, our second player. The only solution which allows both players to win something, and therefore the only one desirable, is represented by an agreement between the two subjects: the Enterprise artificially causes an inconsistency between spot and future markets, and the Financial Institute, who was unable to make arbitrages alone, because of the introduction by the normative authority of a tax on economic transactions (that we propose to stabilize the financial market, in order to protect it from speculations), takes the opportunity to win the maximum possible collective (social) sum, which later will be divided with the Enterprise by contract.Financial Markets; Game Theory; Stabilization of Financial Markets; arbitrages

Digital Suppression of EMI-Induced Errors in a Baseband Acquisition Front-End including Off-the-Shelf, EMI-Sensitive Operational Amplifiers

In this paper, the susceptibility to Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) of an analog signal acquisition front-end (AFE) due to EMI distortion in opamp-based pre-conditioning amplifiers is addressed. More specifically, the possibility to correct EMI-induced errors in the digital domain by post-processing the acquired digital waveforms is discussed and experimentally demonstrated for the first time with reference to an AFE based on EMI-sensitive, off-the-shelf operational amplifiers mounted on a specific EMI test PCB. Extensive experimental characterization in the presence of continuous wave and amplitude modulated EMI reveals the superior immunity to EMI of the proposed AFE and the robustness of the approach

Interference of Spread-Spectrum Switching-Mode Power Converters and Low-Frequency Digital Lines

The interference between switching mode power converters and wireline digital communications is addressed in this paper and the impact on communication errors of different Spread Spectrum (SS) modulation techniques, which are commonly used in power convertors to comply with EMC regulations, is experimentally investigated in a particular case. Experimental results do not highlight significant differences in terms of communication error rate induced in the victim data line between power converters featuring conventional and SS pulse width modulations

Interference of Periodic and Spread-Spectrum-Modulated Waveforms with Analog and Digital Communications

In this article, the effectiveness and the limitations of spread-spectrum (SS) modulation techniques employed in switching-mode power converters and in digital systems to mitigate interference with communication equipment are analyzed and discussed under the EMC standard perspective and under an information theoretical perspective, with reference to different real-world scenarios. Substantial difference between potential EMI issues in traditional analog radio/TV broadcasting, digital data lines, and digital links featuring advanced channel coding techniques, e.g. in emerging power line communication (PLC) systems, are highlighted. Practical recommendations on the adoption of SS modulations along with a general reflection on the evolution of EMC requirements are finally given

Software-Defined DDPM Modulators for D/A Conversion by General-Purpose Microcontrollers

The software implementation of Dyadic Digital Pulse Modulators (DDPMs) for Digital to Analog (D/A) conversion is addressed in this paper. In particular, an enhanced software DDPM implementation is proposed and compared with a plain, iterative software transposition of the basic DDPM hardware architecture. Experimental results on an 8-bit software-defined DDPM D/A converter implemented on a Texas Instrument c2000 microcontroller platform validate the approach, revealing for the novel optimized software DDPM a 6X maximum sample rate compared to the simple iterative implementation on the same microcontroller and at the same system clock frequency. Based on measurements, an 8-bit DDPM DAC featuring the proposed optimized implementation operates at 7.8kS/s with a maximum INL of 1.64LSB, a maximum DNL of 1.79LSB, an SFDR of 47.02dB and a SNDR of 45.27dB, corresponding to 7.23 ENOB, demonstrating the effectiveness and the applicability of the proposed approach to implement a low cost, software-defined D/A converters in microcontroller-based embedded systems

Relaxation Digital-to-Analog Converter with Radix-based Digital Correction

A Relaxation Digital-to-Analog Converter (ReDACs) with a novel, all-digital, radix-based digital correction technique for clock-indifferent linear operation is presented in this paper. The ReDAC architecture proposed in this paper does not require dedicated circuit for frequency tuning, and achieves linearity by digitally pre-processing the DAC input code by a Radix-based Digital Correction (RBDC) algorithm. The effectiveness of the proposed RBDC approach is demonstrated by transistor level simulations on a 10-bit, 1.7MS/s ReDAC in 180nm CMOS. Thanks to the proposed RBDC, under a 16% deviation from the ideal clock period, the maximum INL of the ReDAC is improved from 79.4 to 1.01LSB, its maximum DNL is improved from 158.3 to 0.45LSB and its SNDR is increased from 22.2 (3.4 ENOB) to 58.5dB (9.4 ENOB), at the cost of an increased power consumption from 1.85μW to 9.15μW

Limit-cycle free digitally controlled power converter

The work describe an innovative technique intended to increase the resolution of the digital pulse width modulator (DPWM) for limit cycle oscillation (LCO) free operation. More precisely, the novel Dyadic Digital PWM (DDPWM) is adopted as a systematic approach to achieve accurate LCO-free operation in a digital control converter at negligible cost by effectively increasing the resolution of DPWM. The method is analysed and experimentally evaluated

Game theory for speculative derivatives: A possible stabilizing regulatory model

The aim of this paper is to propose a methodology to stabilize the financial markets using Game Theory, specifically the Complete Study of a Differentiable Game. Initially, we intend to make a quick discussion of peculiarities and recent development of derivatives, and then we move on to the main topic of the paper: forwards and futures. We illustrate their pricing and the functioning of markets for this particular derivatives type. We also will examine the short or long hedging strategies, used by companies to try to cancel the risk associated with market variables. At this purpose, we present a game theory model. Specifically, we focus on two economic operators: a real economic subject and a financial institute (a bank, for example) with a big economic availability. For this purpose, we discuss about an interaction between the two above economic subjects: the Enterprise, our first player, and the Financial Institute, our second player. We propose a tax on financial transactions with speculative purposes in order to stabilize the financial market, protecting it from speculations. This tax hits only the speculative profits and we find a cooperative solution that allows, however, both players to obtain a gain

A multi-gap magnetorheological clutch with permanent magnet

This paper describes the design and testing of a novel permanent magnet clutch based on a magnetorheological fluid. It was inspired by a prototype previously developed by the authors and contains a novel gap shape conceived to reduce torque loss in the disengaged operating mode. Several geometries and material arrangements were investigated and the performance in terms of transmissible torque in different operating conditions was assessed using finite element numerical models. The prototype was manufactured and some experimental tests were performed. The new prototype was rated on the basis of performance indices and the design effectiveness was proven by a higher value of efficiency in the disengaged operating mode